統計局9日(ri)發布了(le)(le)2019年10月(yue)份全國CPI（居民消(xiao)費價(jia)格指(zhi)數）和PPI（工業生產者出廠價(jia)格指(zhi)數）數據。對(dui)此，統計局城市(shi)司(si)統計師沈赟進行了(le)(le)解(jie)讀。

一、CPI環比漲幅與上月相同，同比漲幅擴(kuo)大(da)

從(cong)環(huan)(huan)比看，CPI上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)0.9%，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)與(yu)上(shang)月相同。其中(zhong)，食品價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)3.6%，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)比上(shang)月擴大0.1個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)(yue)0.78個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)；非(fei)食品價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)0.2%，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)與(yu)上(shang)月相同，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)(yue)0.12個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。食品中(zhong)，鮮(xian)果和(he)(he)鮮(xian)菜供應充足，價(jia)格(ge)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)下降5.7%和(he)(he)1.7%，兩項(xiang)合(he)計影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI下降約(yue)(yue)0.14個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。雞蛋價(jia)格(ge)由漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)轉(zhuan)降，下降1.5%，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI下降約(yue)(yue)0.01個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。豬肉價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)20.1%，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)比上(shang)月擴大0.4個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)(yue)0.79個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)，占CPI環(huan)(huan)比總漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)的近九成。受(shou)豬肉價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)拉動與(yu)消(xiao)費(fei)替(ti)代(dai)需(xu)求影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，牛(niu)肉、羊肉、雞肉和(he)(he)鴨肉價(jia)格(ge)均有(you)所上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)在1.0%—3.1%之間，四項(xiang)合(he)計影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)(yue)0.06個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。非(fei)食品中(zhong)，受(shou)換季影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，服裝價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)0.4%，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)(yue)0.02個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。國(guo)慶節(jie)期間出行增加，賓(bin)館住宿、旅行社收費(fei)和(he)(he)飛機票價(jia)格(ge)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)2.1%、0.7%和(he)(he)0.5%，三(san)項(xiang)合(he)計影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)CPI上(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)(yue)0.01個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。

從同(tong)比(bi)(bi)看，CPI上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)3.8%，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)月擴大0.8個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。其中(zhong)，食(shi)品價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)15.5%，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)擴大4.3個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，影響CPI上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)3.05個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)；非(fei)食(shi)品價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)0.9%，漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)回(hui)落0.1個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，影響CPI上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)0.70個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。食(shi)品中(zhong)，鮮(xian)(xian)菜價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)10.2%，鮮(xian)(xian)果價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)由(you)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)轉降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)0.3%，兩項(xiang)合計影響CPI下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)約(yue)0.28個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。豬肉(rou)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)101.3%，影響CPI上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)2.43個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，占CPI同(tong)比(bi)(bi)總漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)的近三分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)二。牛肉(rou)、羊肉(rou)、雞肉(rou)、鴨肉(rou)和雞蛋價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)幅(fu)在12.3%—21.4%之(zhi)間，五項(xiang)合計影響CPI上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)0.41個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。非(fei)食(shi)品中(zhong)，醫療(liao)保健(jian)、教(jiao)育文化和娛樂(le)、衣著價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)2.1%、1.9%和1.2%，三項(xiang)合計影響CPI上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約(yue)0.49個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。交(jiao)通和通信價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)3.5%，影響CPI下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)約(yue)0.42個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)；其中(zhong)，汽油(you)和柴油(you)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)15.4%和16.2%，兩項(xiang)合計影響CPI下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)約(yue)0.36個(ge)(ge)(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。

扣除食品和能源價(jia)格的核心CPI環比(bi)上(shang)漲(zhang)0.1%，漲(zhang)幅比(bi)上(shang)月(yue)回落0.1個百(bai)分點；同(tong)比(bi)上(shang)漲(zhang)1.5%，漲(zhang)幅與(yu)上(shang)月(yue)相(xiang)同(tong)。如扣除豬肉(rou)價(jia)格上(shang)漲(zhang)因素，CPI環比(bi)上(shang)漲(zhang)約0.1%，同(tong)比(bi)上(shang)漲(zhang)約1.3%，總體穩(wen)定。